Other popular ones include the Northern Frilled from France the Paduan (or Padovan) from Padua, Italy the huge Italian Gigant Frill (aka Arricciato Gigante Italiano Canary), which has a minimum length of 210mm (8 inches) and two diminutive types (both of them just 125mm (5 inches) long), the Florin (Fiorino) from Florence in Italy, and the Mehringer from Mehring in Germany. In all there are around 20 recognised Frilled Canary types. Other misshapen varieties include the Gibber Italicus from southern Italy the Makige Frill from Japan the Melado Tenerife (Melado Tinerfeno) from Tenerife the Spanish Giboso (Giboso Espanol) and the Swiss Frill. This tendency is at its most pronounced in the Humpback Frill. They are the genetic forebears of the vulture-like stoop seen in many frilled Canary varieties today. In spite of the name, these were developed in Belgium and France respectively, from the hunchbacked Belgium variety. The Northern Dutch Frill and Southern Dutch Frill are also popular, measuring 4cm less than the Parisian. It’s a large one, reaching 170mm (6.7 inches). The head feathers are therefore very ostentatious but this bird is not as popular as the Gloster, and consequently a lot rarer. The Crested Canary came about after breeders attempted to create the ultimate crested bird by combining Norwich and Lancashire cresteds. It measures around 150mm, and is one of the ‘stocky’ varieties, with a short beak, a rounded head and chest, and a thick neck. It’s named after the city in Ohio, rather than the man who sailed the ocean blue in 1492. This is an American speciality developed in the 1920s, from a combination of Harz, Yorkshire, Lancashire, Gloster and Norwich Canaries. The defining features are the size, the stance (standing at a 60 degree angle to the perch), a silky smooth coat of feathers, and a plump, rounded profile, with a body resembling a large feathered egg. Most Borders are yellow, but they can be found in a wide range of colour combinations. Ironically, given this early name, it has now been developed as a larger-than-average Canary variety, the standard length being 146mm. I’m probably not alone in wishing this tag had stuck (in spite of it sounding like a type of lettuce). Before 1890 the Border was known as the Wee Gem. Named after the Border region between Scotland and England, where the bird was first established as a distinct variety in the early 19th century. The variety hails from Bern in Switzerland. They have an erect stance, making them look even taller than their 160mm (6 inch) length. These birds have distinctive heads, the feathers giving the impression of a flat top with a protruding forehead. Belgian Canaries are uncommon - breeding lapsed when Belgian breeders had other things to think about in the Second Word War - but they were used to develop some later popular breeds such as the Yorkshire (see below) and regional variants such as the Muenchener (from Munich), the Rheinlaender (from Hilden in Germany) and the Japanese Hoso. The original Belgiums were around 155mm long, but the modern version has shed a few millimetres. And this is a particularly odd shape – a thin, round-shouldered bird, with a vulture-like stoop. This variety was developed in the late 17th century, the first of the Canary types bred specifically for shape rather than song. These are the most common and/or popular ones but this list is by no means comprehensive, as there are almost endless variations on the theme. Over the last 200 years many varieties have been developed. The many varieties of Canary fall into three broad groups - those bred for type (physical features or shape), those bred for colour, and those bred for song.īreeders who keep Type Canaries are interested in form, shape and size, rather than colour or song. Canaries are famous for their song but some breeders are more interested in other traits.
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